I thought you might like to see this response I recently wrote, in a response to a query from the Harlow Pensioners Action Group.
QUESTION: At a recent meeting with the National Pensioners' Convention,Minister of State for Pensions Steve Webb made the following statement:
"The National Insurance fund is an accounting tool rather than an actual fund. The Government borrows from the fund and therefore if that money was used to pay for higher pension, the Government would have to raise that money from elsewhere.
Today's pensioners have paid NI contributions during their entire working lives. The fund was reformed in 1948 and it was NOT a tax - its sole reason was to provide State pensions and benefits.
Even though HM Treasury has stated there is currently a £54bn surplus in the NI fund, the basic state pension is still only £97.65 (rising to £102.15 in April) - a whopping £62.85 short of the Government's official poverty level figure of £165 (October 2010). Why can't our pensions be increased to a reasonable figure?
Even if every pensioner in the land was given a £3,636 bonus there would
still be £14bn in the NI fund - after all, if the bankers can enjoy mammoth bonuses why shouldn't we be afforded the same courtesy?
MY ANSWER:
As you know, National Insurance was originally introduced in 1911, to payfor medical benefits (such as sick leave, and free treatment for tuberculous), and a time-limited unemployment benefit for workers in
industries such as ship-building, that suffered from the extremes of boom and bust.
A key assumption of the original 1911 Fund was an unemployment rate of 4.6%. At the time, unemployment was at 3% and the fund was expected to build a surplus very quickly, to guard against a rainy day.
One hundred years of Government - of all three parties - has seen this original mission expanded to include the Basic State Pension and other programmes, which are mostly to the good. However, Governments have also hijacked the fund for other uses.
As you say, it is now essentially an income tax. Because of this, it would be hugely expensive for the Government to raid the National Insurance Fund for higher pensions. In order to do this, we would have to drastically cut spending, or drastically raise taxes, to make up the shortfall elsewhere.
I believe in clear and simple taxes: people have a right to know where theirmoney is going. But the system that we have inherited lumps everyone's moneyinto the same pot. What we pay in National Insurance today, goes to pay for public spending today, not our pensions tomorrow.
There has never been a legal connection between what we put in, and what we get out. In some ways, we have lived a lie with National Insurance. I would support a simpler and more transparent system, with just one rate of income tax --rather than. income tax and National Insurance on top of each other.
This would be much cheaper to administrate, and the savings could be ploughed back into higher pensions.
However, I absolutely agree that the Basic State Pension must increase. Older people, who have worked all their lives for Britain, deserve comfort and dignity. That is why, as you rightly say, in April we will increase the
Basic State Pension by £4.50 to £102.15. Low income pensioners in Harlow will especially benefit, as the majority of Pension Credit recipients will see a £4.75 per week increase in their Guarantee Credit.
Although Gordon Brown created the Cold Weather Payment, it was - dare I say it - a one-off measure for the election year. But this Conservative-led Government has made them permanent, and tripled the amount from £8.50 to £25. This should help to keep Harlow homes warmer this February, if we face another cold freeze.
On top of all this, we are also restoring the link between pensions and earnings. Under this Conservative-led Government, the Basic State Pension will always increase by the highest of prices, earnings, or 2.5 per cent.
Some people have asked why not just link pensions to consumer price inflation?
But this "triple guarantee" ensures that a typical pensioner will actually get an additional £15,000 in extra state pension, over and above what consumer price inflation would give them. This avoids the problem of what we have seen in the past, with outrages like the derisory 75p increase.
I am proud of the fact that the Government has honoured David Cameron's pledge to enhance the state pension, protect the Winter Fuel Allowance and other pensioner benefits that people depend on.
Finally, the state pension could be increased to about £140 a week under Government plans to ensure everybody has a decent retirement income. If we scrapped complicated and expensive means-testing, we could save enough money from reduced bureaucracy to pay for £140-a-week. This would benefit everybody in retirement, and would be a particular boost for women, many of whom lose out on the state pension after taking time out of work - and national insurance contributions - to bring up children.
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